Власть роботов. Как подготовиться к неизбежному - Мартин Форд

в утопичном мире, воплотившем футуристические концепции, популярные в США в тот период. — Прим. пер.

34

Jeffrey Van Camp, «My Jibo is dying and it’s breaking my heart,» Wired, March 9, 2019, www.wired.com/story/jibo-is-dying-eulogy/.

35

Mark Gurman and Brad Stone, «Amazon is said to be working on another big bet: Home robots,» Bloomberg, April 23, 2018, www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-23/amazon-is-said-to-be-working-on-another-big-bet-home-robots.

36

Martin Ford, Interview with Rodney Brooks, in Architects of Intelligence: The Truth about AI from the People Building It, Packt Publishing, 2018, p. 432.

37

«Solving Rubik’s Cube with a robot hand,» OpenAI, October 15, 2019, openai.com/blog/solving-rubiks-cube/. (Includes videos).

38

Will Knight, «Why solving a Rubik’s Cube does not signal robot supremacy,» Wired, October 16, 2019, www.wired.com/story/why-solving-rubiks-cube-not-signal-robot-supremacy/.

39

Noam Scheiber, «Inside an Amazon warehouse, robots’ ways rub off on humans,» New York Times, July 3, 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/07/03/business/economy/amazon-warehouse-labor-robots.html.

40

Eugene Kim, «Amazon’s $775 million deal for robotics company Kiva is starting to look really smart,» Business Insider, June 15, 2016, www.businessinsider.com/kiva-robots-save-money-for-amazon-2016-6.

41

Will Evans, «Ruthless quotas at Amazon are maiming employees,» The Atlantic, November 25, 2019, www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/11/amazon-warehouse-reports-show-worker-injuries/602530/.

42

Jason Del Ray, «How robots are transforming Amazon warehouse jobs — for better and worse,» Recode, December 11, 2019, www.vox.com/recode/2019/12/11/20982652/robots-amazon-warehouse-jobs-automation.

43

Michael Sainato, «‘I’m not a robot’: Amazon workers condemn unsafe, grueling conditions at warehouse,» The Guardian, February 5, 2020, www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/feb/05/amazon-workers-protest-unsafe-grueling-conditions-warehouse.

44

Jeffrey Dastin, «Exclusive: Amazon rolls out machines that pack orders and replace jobs,» Reuters, May 13, 2019, www.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-automation-exclusive/exclusive-amazon-rolls-out-machines-that-pack-orders-and-replace-jobs-idUSKCN1SJ0X1.

45

Matt Simon, «Inside the Amazon warehouse where humans and machines become one,» Wired, June 5, 2019, www.wired.com/story/amazon-warehouse-robots/.

46

James Vincent, «Amazon’s latest robot champion uses deep learning to stock shelves,» The Verge, July 5, 2016, www.theverge.com/2016/7/5/12095788/amazon-picking-robot-challenge-2016.

47

Jeffrey Dastin, «Amazon’s Bezos says robotic hands will be ready for commercial use in next 10 years,» Reuters, June 6, 2019, www.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-conference/amazons-bezos-says-robotic-hands-will-be-ready-for-commercial-use-in-next-10-years-idUSKCN1T72JB.

48

Tech Insider, «Inside a warehouse where thousands of robots pack groceries (video),» YouTube, May 9, 2018, www.youtube.com/watch?reload=9&v=4DKrcpa8Z_E.

49

James Vincent, «Welcome to the automated warehouse of the future,» The Verge, May 8, 2018, www.theverge.com/2018/5/8/17331250/automated-warehouses-jobs-ocado-andover-amazon.

50

Там же.

51

«ABB and Covariant partner to deploy integrated AI robotic solutions,» ABB Press Release, February 25, 2020, new.abb.com/news/detail/57457/abb-and-covariant-partner-to-deploy-integrated-ai-robotic-solutions.

52

Evan Ackerman, «Covariant uses simple robot and gigantic neural net to automate warehouse picking,» IEEE Spectrum, January 29, 2020, spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/industrial-robots/covariant-ai-gigantic-neural-network-to-automate-warehouse-picking.

53

Jonathan Vanian, «Industrial robotics giant teams up with a rising A. I. startup,» Fortune, February 25, 2020, fortune.com/2020/02/25/industrial-robotics-ai-covariant/.

54

Alexander Lavin, J. Swaroop Guntupalli, Miguel Lázaro-Gredilla, et al., «Explaining visual cortex phenomena using recursive cortical network,» Vicarious Research Paper, July 30, 2018, www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2018/07/30/380048.full.pdf.

55

Tom Simonite, «These industrial robots get more adept with every task,» Wired, March 10, 2020, www.wired.com/story/these-industrial-robots-adept-every-task.

56

Adam Satariano and Cade Metz, «A warehouse robot learns to sort out the tricky stuff,» New York Times, January 29, 2020, www.nytimes.com/2020/01/29/technology/warehouse-robot.html.

57

Matthew Boyle, «Robots in aisle two: Supermarket survival means matching Amazon,» Bloomberg, December 3, 2019, www.bloomberg.com/features/2019-automated-grocery-stores/.

58

Там же.

59

Nathaniel Meyersohn, «Grocery stores turn to robots during the coronavirus,» CNN Business, April 7, 2020, www.cnn.com/2020/04/07/business/grocery-stores-robots-automation/index.html.

60

Shoshy Ciment, «Walmart is bringing robots to 650 more stores as the retailer ramps up automation in stores nationwide,» Business Insider, January 13, 2020, www.businessinsider.com/walmart-adding-robots-help-stock-shelves-to-650-more-stores-2020-1.

61

Jennifer Smith, «Grocery delivery goes small with micro-fulfillment centers,» Wall Street Journal, January 27, 2020, www.wsj.com/articles/grocery-delivery-goes-small-with-micro-fulfillment-centers-11580121002.

62

Nick Wingfield, «Inside Amazon Go, a store of the future,» New York Times, January 21, 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/01/21/technology/inside-amazon-go-a-store-of-the-future.html.

63

Spencer Soper, «Amazon will consider opening up to 3,000 cashierless stores by 2021,» Bloomberg, September 29, 2018, www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-09-19/amazon-is-said-to-plan-up-to-3-000-cashierless-stores-by-2021.

64

«Взял и пошел». — Прим. пер.

65

Paul Sawyers, «SoftBank leads $30 million investment in Accel Robotics for AI-enabled cashierless stores,» VentureBeat, December 3, 2019, venturebeat.com/2019/12/03/softbank-leads-30-million-investment-in-accel-robotics-for-ai-enabled-cashierless-stores/.

66

Jurica Dujmovic, «As coronavirus hits hard, Amazon starts licensing cashier-free technology to retailers,» MarketWatch, March 31, 2020, www.marketwatch.com/story/as-coronavirus-hits-hard-amazon-starts-licensing-cashier-free-technology-to-retailers-2020-03-31.

67

Eric Rosenbaum, «Panera is losing nearly 100 % of its workers every year as fast-food turnover crisis worsens,» CNBC, August 29, 2019, www.cnbc.com/2019/08/29/fast-food-restaurants-in-america-are-losing-100percent-of-workers-every-year.html.

68

Там же.

69

Kate Krader, «The world’s first robot-made burger is about to hit the Bay Area,» Bloomberg, June 21, 2018, www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-06-21/the-world-s-first-robotic-burger-is-ready-to-hit-the-bay-area.

70

John Elflein, «U. S. health care expenditure as a percentage of GDP 1960–2020,» Statista, June 8, 2020, www.statista.com/statistics/184968/us-health-expenditure-as-percent-of-gdp-since-1960/.

71

«Healthcare expenditure and financing,» OCED.stat, accessed May 15, 2020, stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SHA.

72

William J. Baumol and William G. Bowen, Performing Arts, The Economic Dilemma: A Study of Problems Common to Theater, Opera, Music and Dance, MIT Press, 1966.

73

Michael Maiello, «Diagnosing William Baumol’s cost disease,» Chicago Booth Review, May 18, 2017, review.chicagobooth.edu/economics/2017/article/diagnosing-william-baumol-s-cost-disease.